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A FIRST STEP TOWARDS THE DISTRICT NET: THE VIRTUAL WAREHOUSE

ONE PRIORITY NECESSITY: TO PULL DOWN the COSTS

In this job of thesis it is intentional to introduce a managerial instrument that could turn out of remarkable importance if applied to the inside of an Industrial District.

This instrument is born from two real requirements:

  • the necessity to diminish the weight of the supplyes, in order to recover liquidity
  • the need to mainly diminish the supplyes of the materials and members of maintenance for the systems and the equipments of the present enterprises in the district comprensorio.
The requirement to act on the cut of the operating costs of the supplyes rather than on a production increase, and still more on the costs than supplying is of simple and linear logic
In the industrial field, the logistic costs are of the same order of magnitude of the Direct labor for the assets of low unitary value (that is for nearly the totality of the assets produced in the Districts). As an example they are comprised between 5% and 20% in the food industry, between 10% and 12% in the mechanical industry. Regarding the immobilized understood one them, the cost of the warehouse is gone around around annual 30%.
Therefore the logistic costs contribute in meaningful way to the determination of the all in cost of numerous assets.

These understood immobilize them to you are unproductive, because they do not generate wealth, but indeed forgiveness value for effect of the phenomena inflatti to you; they cannot be use you for other asset that produces value; often they constitute a virtual limit to new productive investments; if those understood them were available they would avoid part of the indebtedness near thirds party.
The dismissable cost from management expenses is remarkable. The lacked gain decidedly is elevated.
It is supposed, as an example, of having an enterprise with structure of the costs:
  • 3% the profit (in red),
  • 37% the operating costs (outlined),
  • and 60% the MP costs and componentistica-(in white man).
If this enterprise wanted to only increase of 2% the just useful one increasing the production, in the hypotheses to maintain the structure of the costs (fixed invariata), without to hold account of the widening of the systems, it would have to increase its costs (only variable) of 67%.(Nota2) Making in fact one simple proportion,:
  • 3%: 5% = 37%: x x (new operating costs) = 37 * 5/3 = 62%
  • 3%: 5% = 60%: y y (new costs for MP and comp.) = 60 * 5/3 = 100%


That is, if before our hypothetical enterprise spold 98 in order to earn 2, hour spends 162 in order to earn 5, that is an increase of the costs of 67%, that is an increase of the assumed market, but for null realistic, of 60%.
To the costs of raw materials and members, new would have to be carried out new investments, to be increased the indebtedness, to be increased assumptions, elevated labor cost, and therefore via.

The answer, therefore, seems to be one single, that is to act on the operating costs; in fact a cut of 2% on the management and supplying costs in a generalized manner, transform nearly integrally in an increase of the unearned income.
It must find the way more opportune in order to pull down these costs. The proposals can be varied, which as an example a shared logistic platform to district level, in order to pull down the operating costs of the warehouse or, like will be looked at more ahead, the Warehouse Virtual, useful in order to obtain a discouragement of the emergency supplyes.

All these solutions have like common point the cooperation between the enterprises of the District.
Is evident this second solution is from preferring by far to that one of the increase of the turnover. And it is what one resolves to do to make the instrument used in this job.

The second one chosen carried out is that one to act on a particular type supply, that is that one of the materials and members of maintenance of the systems and the equipments.
In a manifacturing enterprise three types of warehouses exist:
  1. Warehouse Raw materials and semifinished ones (in entrance)
  2. Warehouse Finished product (in escape)
  3. Warehouse material and members of maintenance
For the district enterprises, of medium-small dimensions, it is much difficult one to act on the supplyes of first type, in how much a lot tied to the committenza and its requirements.
On the supplyes of second type they exist already of the hypotheses of interdistrettuale collaboration.

The supplyes of third type are anch' they of difficult forecast, in how much it is much difficult one to know when a hammer will be broken off, when the tip of a bottoming drill is broken off, or when they will be unusable the blades of cutter.

There are various theories statistics who take care themselves of this problem.
The breakdowns of not accidental nature, manifest as a result of phenomena of irreversible degradation whose entity depends on the operating time of the member. This is the case of mechanical members subject to usury, hard work and corrosion or to one combination of such phenomena. In these cases functions of probability of famous type (mainly Weibull are used).
The breakdowns of accidental nature have constant failure rate in the time, and negative esponenziale distribution.

The problem but rises if the enterprise that carries out this analysis is one small or medium enterprise, that it has the necessity to determine the proportions its supplyes of maintenance.
An analysis on the breach of the maintenance materials is not feasible in a district enterprise, of small medium type, because it does not have the great volumes of give to you necessary for these analyses, than consequently turns out impossible or not convenient economically. Moreover it must have also of the staff adapted in order to make this type of forecast, and in enterprises of the smallest type to times of approximately 10-15 persons it is at least improbable that there is someone that has the sufficient competences in order to make them.

The necessity is that one to maintain possible the volume smaller of the supplyes of maintenance materials, without never to go under supply for long periods.
  • If, as an example, the electric motor were broken off of cutter of medium dimensions, it is somewhat improbable that there is a motor of reservoir; if that it cutter it was a neck of bottle (bottle neck) of the production, encounter to the detention could be gone systems for all the period of supply more that one than installation and test.
Not having the possibility to make forecasts, it must act in other way.

 

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